kinship
• descended from eponymous ancestors (e.g. Sabinus)

language
• Osco-Umbrian or Sabellic (Indo-European language family)

religion

• Mamers (Lat. Mars), Semo Sancus

customs
• ver sacrum ("sacred spring")

sub-units
Northern (Umbrian)
• Umbri – Igvvivm (mod. Gubbio) Tvder (Todi)
• Pupeneis (Lat. Picentes) – Ascvlvm (Ascoli Piceno)
• Sabini – Sabinvm (Rieti)
• Aeqvi – Alba Fvcens (Massa d'Albe)
• Marsi – Marrvvivm (San Benedetto dei Marsi)
• Volsci – Velletri
• Hernici – Anagni, members of the Latin League

Southern (Oscan)
• Safineis (Lat. Samnites, Gk. Saunitae)
    Carricini – Clvvia, Ivvanvm
    Cavdini – Cavdivm
    Hirpini – Malventvm, Compsa
    Pentri – Aesernia, Bovianvm, Saepinvm, Cominivm, Aqvilonia
    Lvcani
    Brvti
• Campanii
    Opicii
    Mamertinii
• Paeligni – Svlmo (mod. ), Corfinivm (mod. )
• Vestini –
• Marrucini –