kinship
• descended from Hellen (Livy 1.4-6), through sons Dorus, Aeolus and Xuthus,
grandsons Ion and Achaeus

language
• Greek (Ionian, Dorian and Aeolic dialects, Indo-European language family)

religion

• Zeus (Lat. Iuppiter), Hera (Iuno), Apollo, Athena (Minerva), Artemis (Diana)
• Hellenic shared sanctuaries of Zeus at Olympia, Apollo at Delphi
• shared Hellenium at Naucratis (Hdt.2.178)
• shared Panionium at Mycale (dodecapolis Hdt.I.142); sanctuary of Apollo on Delos (Thuc.1.96)
• shared Dorian sanctuary at Triopium near Cnidus (hexapolis Hdt.I.144)
• shared Siciliote sanctuary of Apollo Archegetes ("founder") at Naxos (Thuc.VI.3)

customs
• gymnasium ("nude-place") for physical and mental training